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September 27, 2013 18:06
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RenderSections in PartialViews -- delayed rendering of any HTML content. See SO answer: http://stackoverflow.com/a/18790222/1037948
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public static class HtmlRenderExtensions { | |
/// <summary> | |
/// Delegate script/resource/etc injection until the end of the page | |
/// <para>@via http://stackoverflow.com/a/14127332/1037948 and http://jadnb.wordpress.com/2011/02/16/rendering-scripts-from-partial-views-at-the-end-in-mvc/ </para> | |
/// </summary> | |
private class DelayedInjectionBlock : IDisposable { | |
/// <summary> | |
/// Unique internal storage key | |
/// </summary> | |
private const string CACHE_KEY = "DCCF8C78-2E36-4567-B0CF-FE052ACCE309"; // "DelayedInjectionBlocks"; | |
/// <summary> | |
/// Internal storage identifier for remembering unique/isOnlyOne items | |
/// </summary> | |
private const string UNIQUE_IDENTIFIER_KEY = CACHE_KEY; | |
/// <summary> | |
/// What to use as internal storage identifier if no identifier provided (since we can't use null as key) | |
/// </summary> | |
private const string EMPTY_IDENTIFIER = ""; | |
/// <summary> | |
/// Retrieve a context-aware list of cached output delegates from the given helper; uses the helper's context rather than singleton HttpContext.Current.Items | |
/// </summary> | |
/// <param name="helper">the helper from which we use the context</param> | |
/// <param name="identifier">optional unique sub-identifier for a given injection block</param> | |
/// <returns>list of delayed-execution callbacks to render internal content</returns> | |
public static Queue<string> GetQueue(HtmlHelper helper, string identifier = null) { | |
return _GetOrSet(helper, new Queue<string>(), identifier ?? EMPTY_IDENTIFIER); | |
} | |
/// <summary> | |
/// Retrieve a context-aware list of cached output delegates from the given helper; uses the helper's context rather than singleton HttpContext.Current.Items | |
/// </summary> | |
/// <param name="helper">the helper from which we use the context</param> | |
/// <param name="defaultValue">the default value to return if the cached item isn't found or isn't the expected type; can also be used to set with an arbitrary value</param> | |
/// <param name="identifier">optional unique sub-identifier for a given injection block</param> | |
/// <returns>list of delayed-execution callbacks to render internal content</returns> | |
private static T _GetOrSet<T>(HtmlHelper helper, T defaultValue, string identifier = EMPTY_IDENTIFIER) where T : class { | |
var storage = GetStorage(helper); | |
// return the stored item, or set it if it does not exist | |
return (T) (storage.ContainsKey(identifier) ? storage[identifier] : (storage[identifier] = defaultValue)); | |
} | |
/// <summary> | |
/// Get the storage, but if it doesn't exist or isn't the expected type, then create a new "bucket" | |
/// </summary> | |
/// <param name="helper"></param> | |
/// <returns></returns> | |
public static Dictionary<string, object> GetStorage(HtmlHelper helper) { | |
var storage = helper.ViewContext.HttpContext.Items[CACHE_KEY] as Dictionary<string, object>; | |
if (storage == null) helper.ViewContext.HttpContext.Items[CACHE_KEY] = (storage = new Dictionary<string, object>()); | |
return storage; | |
} | |
private readonly HtmlHelper helper; | |
private readonly string identifier; | |
private readonly string isOnlyOne; | |
/// <summary> | |
/// Create a new using block from the given helper (used for trapping appropriate context) | |
/// </summary> | |
/// <param name="helper">the helper from which we use the context</param> | |
/// <param name="identifier">optional unique identifier to specify one or many injection blocks</param> | |
/// <param name="isOnlyOne">extra identifier used to ensure that this item is only added once; if provided, content should only appear once in the page (i.e. only the first block called for this identifier is used)</param> | |
public DelayedInjectionBlock(HtmlHelper helper, string identifier = null, string isOnlyOne = null) { | |
this.helper = helper; | |
// start a new writing context | |
((WebViewPage)this.helper.ViewDataContainer).OutputStack.Push(new StringWriter()); | |
this.identifier = identifier ?? EMPTY_IDENTIFIER; | |
this.isOnlyOne = isOnlyOne; | |
} | |
/// <summary> | |
/// Append the internal content to the context's cached list of output delegates | |
/// </summary> | |
public void Dispose() { | |
// render the internal content of the injection block helper | |
// make sure to pop from the stack rather than just render from the Writer | |
// so it will remove it from regular rendering | |
var content = ((WebViewPage)this.helper.ViewDataContainer).OutputStack; | |
var renderedContent = content.Count == 0 ? string.Empty : content.Pop().ToString(); | |
// if we only want one, remove the existing | |
var queue = GetQueue(this.helper, this.identifier); | |
// get the index of the existing item from the alternate storage | |
var existingIdentifiers = _GetOrSet(this.helper, new Dictionary<string, int>(), UNIQUE_IDENTIFIER_KEY); | |
// only save the result if this isn't meant to be unique, or | |
// if it's supposed to be unique and we haven't encountered this identifier before | |
if( null == this.isOnlyOne || !existingIdentifiers.ContainsKey(this.isOnlyOne) ) { | |
// remove the new writing context we created for this block | |
// and save the output to the queue for later | |
queue.Enqueue(renderedContent); | |
// only remember this if supposed to | |
if(null != this.isOnlyOne) existingIdentifiers[this.isOnlyOne] = queue.Count; // save the index, so we could remove it directly (if we want to use the last instance of the block rather than the first) | |
} | |
} | |
} | |
/// <summary> | |
/// <para>Start a delayed-execution block of output -- this will be rendered/printed on the next call to <see cref="RenderDelayed"/>.</para> | |
/// <para> | |
/// <example> | |
/// Print once in "default block" (usually rendered at end via <code>@Html.RenderDelayed()</code>). Code: | |
/// <code> | |
/// @using (Html.Delayed()) { | |
/// <b>show at later</b> | |
/// <span>@Model.Name</span> | |
/// etc | |
/// } | |
/// </code> | |
/// </example> | |
/// </para> | |
/// <para> | |
/// <example> | |
/// Print once (i.e. if within a looped partial), using identified block via <code>@Html.RenderDelayed("one-time")</code>. Code: | |
/// <code> | |
/// @using (Html.Delayed("one-time", isOnlyOne: "one-time")) { | |
/// <b>show me once</b> | |
/// <span>@Model.First().Value</span> | |
/// } | |
/// </code> | |
/// </example> | |
/// </para> | |
/// </summary> | |
/// <param name="helper">the helper from which we use the context</param> | |
/// <param name="injectionBlockId">optional unique identifier to specify one or many injection blocks</param> | |
/// <param name="isOnlyOne">extra identifier used to ensure that this item is only added once; if provided, content should only appear once in the page (i.e. only the first block called for this identifier is used)</param> | |
/// <returns>using block to wrap delayed output</returns> | |
public static IDisposable Delayed(this HtmlHelper helper, string injectionBlockId = null, string isOnlyOne = null) { | |
return new DelayedInjectionBlock(helper, injectionBlockId, isOnlyOne); | |
} | |
/// <summary> | |
/// Render all queued output blocks injected via <see cref="Delayed"/>. | |
/// <para> | |
/// <example> | |
/// Print all delayed blocks using default identifier (i.e. not provided) | |
/// <code> | |
/// @using (Html.Delayed()) { | |
/// <b>show me later</b> | |
/// <span>@Model.Name</span> | |
/// etc | |
/// } | |
/// </code> | |
/// -- then later -- | |
/// <code> | |
/// @using (Html.Delayed()) { | |
/// <b>more for later</b> | |
/// etc | |
/// } | |
/// </code> | |
/// -- then later -- | |
/// <code> | |
/// @Html.RenderDelayed() // will print both delayed blocks | |
/// </code> | |
/// </example> | |
/// </para> | |
/// <para> | |
/// <example> | |
/// Allow multiple repetitions of rendered blocks, using same <code>@Html.Delayed()...</code> as before. Code: | |
/// <code> | |
/// @Html.RenderDelayed(removeAfterRendering: false); /* will print */ | |
/// @Html.RenderDelayed() /* will print again because not removed before */ | |
/// </code> | |
/// </example> | |
/// </para> | |
/// </summary> | |
/// <param name="helper">the helper from which we use the context</param> | |
/// <param name="injectionBlockId">optional unique identifier to specify one or many injection blocks</param> | |
/// <param name="removeAfterRendering">only render this once</param> | |
/// <returns>rendered output content</returns> | |
public static MvcHtmlString RenderDelayed(this HtmlHelper helper, string injectionBlockId = null, bool removeAfterRendering = true) { | |
var stack = DelayedInjectionBlock.GetQueue(helper, injectionBlockId); | |
if( removeAfterRendering ) { | |
var sb = new StringBuilder( | |
#if DEBUG | |
string.Format("<!-- delayed-block: {0} -->", injectionBlockId) | |
#endif | |
); | |
// .count faster than .any | |
while (stack.Count > 0) { | |
sb.AppendLine(stack.Dequeue()); | |
} | |
return MvcHtmlString.Create(sb.ToString()); | |
} | |
return MvcHtmlString.Create( | |
#if DEBUG | |
string.Format("<!-- delayed-block: {0} -->", injectionBlockId) + | |
#endif | |
string.Join(Environment.NewLine, stack)); | |
} | |
} |
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// In a repeated partial view, only include the block one time: | |
@using (Html.Delayed(isOnlyOne: "MYPARTIAL_scripts")) { | |
<script> | |
someInlineScript(); | |
</script> | |
} | |
// In a (repeated?) partial view, include the block for every time the partial is used: | |
@using (Html.Delayed()) { | |
<b>show me multiple times, @Model.Whatever</b> | |
} | |
//In a (repeated?) partial view, include the block once, and later render it specifically by name one-time: | |
@using (Html.Delayed("one-time", isOnlyOne: "one-time")) { | |
<b>show me once by name</b> | |
<span>@Model.First().Value</span> | |
} | |
// ====== To render: ======== | |
@Html.RenderDelayed(); // the "default" unidentified blocks | |
@Html.RenderDelayed("one-time", false); // render the specified block by name, and allow us to render it again in a second call | |
@Html.RenderDelayed("one-time"); // render the specified block by name | |
@Html.RenderDelayed("one-time"); // since it was "popped" in the last call, won't render anything |
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how would this work to render stylesheet links in the head tag ?