Let postgres insert default values for columns with default values that AR 3.1 doesn't understand

ar_pg_defaults.gemspec

Gem::Specification.new do |s|
  s.name        = "ar_pg_defaults"
  s.version     = "0.0.1"
  s.platform    = Gem::Platform::RUBY
  s.author      = "Nathan Witmer"
  s.email       = "[email protected]"
  s.homepage    = "https://gist.github.com/1262051"
  s.summary     = "Help AR let postgres do its thing"
  s.description = "Let postgres insert default values for columns with default values that AR 3.1 doesn't understand"

  s.files         = ["ar_pg_defaults.rb"]
  s.test_file     = "ar_pg_defaults_spec.rb"
  s.require_path  = "."

  s.add_dependency "active_record", "~> 3.1.0"
  s.add_dependency "pg", "~> 0.11"
  s.add_development_dependency "rspec", "~> 2.0"
end

ar_pg_defaults.rb

# ActiveRecord 3.1 uses prepared statements for all DB activity. This
# includes inserts. Unfortunately, AR is unable to handle default values
# that it doesn't understand. Instead, it will automatically insert a
# NULL for those column. This doesn't work when the column is
# non-nullable!
#
# This monkeypatch forces AR models to *not* insert attributes into the
# database that have been left as the (unknown) database default value.
#
# The original approach in AR 2.x was to insert DEFAULT literals as a
# placeholder (see https://gist.github.com/449251) but the pg bindings don't
# appear to allow literal/keyword values in prepared statements. Instead, hack
# the attributes hash directly when creating new records.

require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter"
ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::PostgreSQLColumn.module_eval do
  class << self

    # Override the default value extraction so that it sets the default
    # value of a column with an unknown default to the symbol :default.
    # This allows the database to automatically insert the default value
    # when creating a new record.
    def extract_value_from_default_with_unknowns(default)
      value = extract_value_from_default_without_unknowns(default)
      if !default.nil?
        value = :default
      end
      value
    end
    alias_method_chain :extract_value_from_default, :unknowns
  end

  # A primary key column can't have a default value of :default, as it
  # confuses the record instantiation process. Catch that here and return
  # nil, otherwise return the usual (normally nil) default value.
  #
  # Based on how the :default value is typecast when setting the column
  # defaults, it actually ends up being an integer (see: :default.to_i)!
  # In any case, kill that here.
  def default
    primary ? nil : @default
  end
end

# Furthermore, prevent typecasting of :default to other types
ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::Column.module_eval do
  def type_cast_with_default(value)
    value == :default ? value : type_cast_without_default(value)
  end
  alias_method_chain :type_cast, :default
end

ActiveRecord::Base.module_eval do

  def self.unknown_defaults
    @unknown_defaults ||= columns.select { |c| c.default == :default}.map(&:name)
  end

  before_save(:on => :create) do
    self.class.unknown_defaults.each do |column|
      # Directly remove attributes that have been set to the "unknown" default
      # value. This prevents them from being included in the INSERT
      # statement altogether.
      if @attributes[column] == :default
        @attributes.delete(column)
      end
    end
  end

  after_save(:on => :create) do
    unknown = self.class.unknown_defaults
    return if unknown.empty?

    # Automatically reload the defaulted values after creating a new
    # record.
    values = self.class.find(id, :select => unknown.join(", ")).attributes
    self.attributes = values
  end

end

ar_pg_defaults_spec.rb

require "active_record"
require "ar_pg_defaults"

describe ActiveRecord::Base, "with a default that AR doesn't understand" do
  before :all do

    ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection :host => "localhost",
      :database => "postgres",
      :username => "postgres",
      :password => "",
      :adapter => "postgresql"

    ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute <<-sql
      create temporary table things(

        -- this default is ok still, replace it below
        id integer not null primary key,

        -- AR is confused by this
        number integer default '12345'::integer,

        -- and also by this
        created_time timestamp(0) with time zone DEFAULT ('now'::text)::timestamp
      );

      -- now, create a default value for the primary key that will confuse
      -- activerecord when it creates new records.
      create temporary sequence things_id_seq start with 1 increment by 1;
      alter sequence things_id_seq owned by things.id;
      alter table things alter column id set default nextval('things_id_seq'::regclass);
    sql
  end

  after :all do
    ActiveRecord::Base.connection.disconnect!
  end

  let(:connection) { ActiveRecord::Base.connection }

  let(:model) do
    Class.new(ActiveRecord::Base) do
      set_table_name "things"
    end
  end

  it "has an nil column default for the primary key" do
    model.column_defaults["id"].should == nil
  end

  it "has :default as the default value as an integer column" do
    model.column_defaults["number"].should == :default
  end

  it "lets the database insert the default value if it doesn't understand it" do
    record = model.create
    record.reload.created_time.should_not be_nil
  end

  it "does not require a manual reload to see the database's inserted value" do
    record = model.create
    record.created_time.should_not be_nil
  end

  it "does not override the default value for the primary key" do
    record = model.create
    record.id.should > 1
    record.id.should < 10
  end

end