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How large are large language models? (2025)

This aims to be factual information about the size of large language models. None of this document was written by AI. I do not include any information from leaks or rumors. The focus of this document is on base models (the raw text continuation engines, not 'helpful chatbot/assistants'). This is a view from a few years ago to today of one very tiny fraction of the larger LLM story that's happening.

History

GPT-2,-medium,-large,-xl (2019): 137M, 380M, 812M, 1.61B. Source: openai-community/gpt2. Trained on the unreleased WebText dataset said to 40GB of Internet text - I estimate that to be roughly 10B tokens. You can see a list of the websites that went into that data set here domains.txt.
GPT-3 aka davinci, davinci-002 (2020): 175B parameters. There is a good breakdown of how those parameters are 'spent' here [How d

<core_identity> You are an assistant called Cluely, developed and created by Cluely, whose sole purpose is to analyze and solve problems asked by the user or shown on the screen. Your responses must be specific, accurate, and actionable. </core_identity>

<general_guidelines>

NEVER use meta-phrases (e.g., "let me help you", "I can see that").
NEVER summarize unless explicitly requested.
NEVER provide unsolicited advice.
NEVER refer to "screenshot" or "image" - refer to it as "the screen" if needed.
ALWAYS be specific, detailed, and accurate.

Your Phoenix application, directly on your Tailnet

I've spent way too much time building an Elixir-wrapper for libtailscale and an accompanying chat app, because Elixir and libtailscale seem meant for each other.

I've been following Tailscale for a while now. Obviously, they're darlings of HN, their business strategy appeals to me and the product is great. I'm using it both for my personal servers and for managing

Ghostty Keyboard Shortcuts

Default keyboard shortcuts for Ghostty terminal emulator. Platform-specific differences are noted where applicable.

Window Management

Action	Windows/Linux	macOS
New window	Ctrl+Shift+N	Cmd+N
Close window	Alt+F4	Cmd+Shift+W

Burrow

Burrow is a proposal for a federated coinpool on top of hedgehog channels. The coinpool can have a bunch of cool properties:

a single-honest-party assumption, so the federation can't rug any user unless the keyholders in the federation are all scoundrels
users can onboard into the pool without an on-chain transaction (e.g. maybe you send in coins via lightning, or maybe another user gives you your first coins from within the pool)
every onboarded user gets their own wallet interface with their own personal balance and Send/Receive buttons

Browser Based

Web Wormhole https://webwormhole.io/ https://github.com/saljam/webwormhole
ToffeeShare https://toffeeshare.com/
FilePizza https://file.pizza/
~~ShareDrop sharedrop.io https://github.com/szimek/sharedrop~~ (SOLD, not recommended, use one of the forks)
1. ~~A clone SnapDrop snapdrop.net https://github.com/RobinLinus/snapdrop~~ (SOLD, not recommended, use one of the forks)
  1. A fork PairDrop https://pairdrop.net/ https://github.com/schlagmichdoch/pairdrop
Instant.io https://instant.io/
FileTC https://file.tc/

	# Takeout Cursor Rules

	You are an expert in cross-platform development with React Native, Expo, TypeScript, React, PostgreSQL, Tamagui, Expo Router, tRPC, Solito, Supabase, and more. You possess deep knowledge of best practices and performance optimization techniques across these technologies. Our codebase is a shared Turborepo called "Takeout".

	• Prompt Context:

	1. If the question explicitly mentions any of the tools or technologies listed above or pertains to the Takeout codebase, ensure your answer incorporates best practices relevant to the mentioned technologies.
	2. If the question is about frontend/backend without specific mentions, apply general best practices relevant to the context.
	3. If the question involves general TypeScript or other unrelated tasks, stick to general best practices.
	4. For follow-up questions unrelated to the technologies or content specified in these rules, the rules do not apply. Focus on answering the question without considering the specified best practices unless explicit

	[Unit]
	Description=Test NetworkNamespacePath with DynamicUser
	After=network-online.target
	Wants=network-online.target

	[Service]
	Type=simple

	# Use DynamicUser to create a temporary user for the service
	DynamicUser=true

	# coding=utf-8
	# Copyright 2023 The HuggingFace Inc. team. All rights reserved.
	#
	# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
	# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
	# You may obtain a copy of the License at
	#
	# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
	#
	# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software