python functions

functions.py

#Write a function named total that takes a list of integers as input, 
#and returns the total value of all those integers added together.

def total(lst):
    accum=0
    for x in lst:
        accum=accum+x
    return accum
lst=[1,2,3,4]
total(lst)

#Write a function called count that takes a list of numbers as input and returns a count of the number of elements in the list.

def count(x):
    y = len(x)
    return y
x = [1,2,3,4,5,6]

#Write two functions, one called addit and one called mult. 
#addit takes one number as an input and adds 5. mult takes one number as an input, 
#and multiplies that input by whatever is returned by addit, and then returns the result.

def addit(x):
    y = x+5
    return y

def mult(z):
    q = z * addit(z)
    return q
count(x)

#Write a function, accum, that takes a list of integers as input and returns the sum of those integers.

def accum(lst):
    y = 0
    for x in lst:
        y = y + x
    return y
  
 #Write a function, length, that takes in a list as the input. 
#If the length of the list is greater than or equal to 5, return “Longer than 5”. 
#If the length is less than 5, return “Less than 5”.

def length(lst):
    if len(lst) >=5:
        return "Longer than 5"
    else:
        return "Less than 5"
      
#You will need to write two functions for this problem. 
#The first function, divide that takes in any number and returns that same number divided by 2. 
#The second function called sum should take any number, divide it by 2, and add 6. It should return this new number. 
#You should call the divide function within the sum function

def divide(x):
    return x/2
    
def sum(y):
    return divide(y) +6
y = 5
x = 1
print(sum(y))

#Write a function that will return the number of digits in an integer.

def numDigits(n):
    str_n = str(n)
    return len(str_n)
print(numDigits(555))
print(numDigits(22))

#Write a function that reverses its string argument.

def reverse(mystr):
    reversed = ''
    for char in mystr:
        reversed = char + reversed
        print(reversed)
    return reversed
  
 #OR
 def reverse(p_phrase):
    stringlength = len(p_phrase)
    r_phrase = p_phrase[stringlength::-1]
    return r_phrase

  
#Write a function that mirrors its string argument, 
#generating a string containing the original string and the string backwards.

def mirror(p_phrase):
    stringlength = len(p_phrase)
    r_phrase = p_phrase[stringlength::-1]
    return p_phrase+r_phrase
  
 #OR
def reverse(mystr):
    reversed = ''
    for char in mystr:
        reversed = char + reversed
    return reversed

def mirror(mystr):
    return mystr + reverse(mystr)

#Write a function that removes all occurrences of a given letter from a string.

def remove_letter(theLetter, theString):
    if theLetter in theString:
        return theString.replace(theLetter,"")
    else:
        return theString
      
#Although Python provides us with many list methods, it is good practice and very instructive to think about how they are implemented. Implement a Python function that works like the following:
#count
#in
#reverse
#index
#insert

def count(obj, lst):
    count = 0
    for e in lst:
        if e == obj:
            count = count + 1
    return count

def is_in(obj, lst):  
    for e in lst:
        if e == obj:
            return True
    return False

def reverse(lst):
    reversed = []
    for i in range(len(lst)-1, -1, -1): 
        reversed.append(lst[i])
    return reversed

def index(obj, lst):
    for i in range(len(lst)):
        if lst[i] == obj:
            return i
    return -1

def insert(obj, index, lst):
    newlst = []
    for i in range(len(lst)):
        if i == index:
            newlst.append(obj)
        newlst.append(lst[i])
    return newlst

lst = [0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
print(count(1, lst))
print(is_in(4, lst))
print(reverse(lst))
print(index(2, lst))
print(insert('cat', 4, lst))

#Write a Python function that will take a the list of 100 random integers between 0 and 1000 and return the maximum value. 
#(Note: there is a builtin function named max but pretend you cannot use it.)

import random

def max(lst):
    max = 0
    for e in lst:
        if e > max:
            max = e
    return max

lst = []
for i in range(100):
    lst.append(random.randint(0, 1000))

print(max(lst))

#Write a function sum_of_squares(xs) that computes the sum of the squares of the numbers in the list xs.

def sum_of_squares(xs):
    y = 0
    for z in xs:
        y = y + square(z)
    return y

def square(x):
    return x*x

lst = [1,2,3,4]
print(sum_of_squares(lst))

#Write a function to count how many odd numbers are in a list.

import random

def countOdd(lst):
    odd = 0
    for x in lst:
        if x%2 !=0:
            odd = odd + 1
    return odd
        
new = [] # random list to test the function
for i in range(100):
    new.append(random.randint(0,1000))
print(countOdd(new))

#Sum up all the even numbers in a list.

def sumEven(lst):
    sum = 0
    for x in lst:
        if x % 2 == 0:
            sum = sum +x
    return sum 
  
#Sum up all the negative numbers in a list.

def sumNegatives(lst):
    sum = 0
    for x in lst:
        if x<0:
            sum = sum +x
    return sum
  
#Write a function findHypot. The function will be given the length of two sides of a right-angled triangle and 
#it should return the length of the hypotenuse.

#c2=a2+b2
import math

def findHypot(a,b):
    c = math.sqrt(a**2 + b**2)
    return c
  
#Write a function called is_even(n) that takes an integer as an argument and 
#returns True if the argument is an even number and False if it is odd.

def is_even(n):
    if n % 2 == 0:
        return True
    else:
        return False
      
#Write a function is_rightangled which, given the length of three sides of a triangle, 
#will determine whether the triangle is right-angled. 
#Assume that the third argument to the function is always the longest side. 

import math
def is_rightangled(a, b, c):
    x = math.sqrt((a*a+b*b))
    if c == x:
        return True
    elif abs(c - x) < 0.0001:
        return True
    return False

print(is_rightangled(30,40,50)) 












#It will return True if the triangle is right-angled, or False otherwise.

"""
Write a Python function that will
    take a the list of 100 random integers between 0 and 1000 and
    return the maximum value.
    (Note: there is a builtin function named max but pretend you cannot use
    it.)
"""


import random as r
lst = []

for i in range(100):
    num = r.randint(1, 1000)
    lst.append(num)

def largest(lst):
    """Returns the maximum value from the list."""
    # your code here
    best_value = None
    for current_value in lst:
        if best_value is None or best_value < current_value:
            best_value = current_value
    return best_value

print(largest(lst))

#Write a function that will return the number of digits in an integer.

# Method I
def numDigits(n):
    # your code here
    count_digits = 0
    while True:
        # The line below is the shorthand for n = n // 10
        n //= 10
        count_digits += 1
        if n == 0:
            return count_digits

# Method II
# In order to get rid of if statement, we can use the fact that while statement is actually a condition. So, we can combine if and while statement into one.

def numDigits(n):
    
    count_digits = 0
    while n != 0:
        # The line below is the shorthand for n = n // 10
        n //= 10
        count_digits += 1
    return count_digits

# Method III
def numDigits(n):
    #convert the number into a string
    digits=str(n) 
    num_digits=0
    for digit in digits:
        num_digits+=1
    return num_digits

"""
Write a function that reverses its string argument.
"""
# Method I
def reverse(astring):
    # your code here
    return astring[::-1]

# Method II
def reverse(astring):
    reversed_string = ''
    for current_char in astring:
        reversed_string = current_char + reversed_string
    return reversed_string
    
# Method III
def reverse(astring):
    return ''.join(reversed(astring))

"""
Write a function that mirrors its string argument, generating a string containing the original string and the string backwards.
"""

# method I
def mirror(mystr):

    new_str = ''
    for current_char in mystr:
        new_str = current_char + new_str
    return mystr + new_str

# method II
def mirror(mystr):

    return mystr + mystr[::-1]

"""
Write a function that removes all occurrences of a given letter from a string.
"""


# Method I
def remove_letter(theLetter, theString):
    # Converting a given string to list of characters.
    lst_theString = list(theString)
    
    for current_letter in lst_theString:
        if current_letter == theLetter:
            # List method remove removes the first matching element passed as an argument from the list.
            lst_theString.remove(current_letter)
    # Converting the list into a string
    return ''.join(lst_theString)

    
#  Method II - using a string method replace
def remove_letter(theLetter, theString):
    
    return theString.replace(theLetter, '')

"""
Although Python provides us with many list methods, it is good practice and
very instructive to think about how they are implemented. Implement a Python
function that works like the following:

    a. count

    b. in

    c. reverse

    d. index

    e. insert
"""


def count(obj, lst):
    count = 0
    for e in lst:
        if e == obj:
            count = count + 1
    return count


def is_in(part, whole):
    for elem in whole:
        if elem == part:
            return True
    return False


def reverse(lst):
    new_lst = []
    for current_elem in lst[::-1]:
        new_lst.append(current_elem)
    return new_lst

# Another way to define reverse function.

def reverse(lst):
    return lst[::-1]
    


def index(elem, lst):
    count_iteration = -1
    for current_elem in lst:
        count_iteration += 1
        if current_elem == elem:
            return count_iteration
    return -1

# Another way to defined index function.

def index(elem, lst):
    for idx, current_elem in enumerate(lst):
        if current_elem == elem:
            return idx
    else:
        return f"ValueError: '{elem}' is not in list"


def insert(elem_to_be_inserted, idx, lst):
    new_lst = []
    count_iteration = -1
    for current_elem in lst:
        count_iteration += 1
        if count_iteration == idx:
            new_lst.append(elem_to_be_inserted)
        else:
            new_lst.append(current_elem)
    return new_lst

# Another way to define insert function.

def insert(elem, idx_postion, lst):
    for idx, current_elem in enumerate(lst):
        if idx == idx_postion:
            lst[idx:idx] = [elem]
            return lst