with these settings (region unset for good measure)
export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=
export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=
export AWS_S3_ENDPOINT=data.source.coop
export AWS_VIRTUAL_HOSTING=FALSE
export CPL_VSIL_USE_TEMP_FILE_FOR_RANDOM_WRITE=YES
export CPL_VSIS3_CREATE_DIR_OBJECT=TRUE
export VSIS3_CHUNK_SIZE=44
export CPL_TMPDIR=$MYSCRATCH
unset AWS_REGION
unset AWS_DEFAULT_REGION
upload with awscli works, but not with gdal ...
aws s3 cp uploadtest.tif s3://ausantarctic/mdstest/ --endpoint-url=https://data.source.coop
gdalinfo --config CPL_DEBUG ON /vsis3/ausantarctic/mdstest/uploadtest.tif
CPL: Loading configuration from /home/mdsumner/.gdal/gdalrc
HTTP: libcurl/8.0.1 OpenSSL/1.1.1l-fips zlib/1.2.13 brotli/1.0.7 zstd/1.5.0 libidn2/2.2.0 libpsl/0.20.1 (+libidn2/2.2.0) libssh/0.9.8/openssl/zlib nghttp2/1.40.0
S3: <html>
<head><title>400 Bad Request</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>400 Bad Request</h1></center>
</body>
</html>
S3: GetFileSize(https://data.source.coop/ausantarctic/mdstest/uploadtest.tif)=0 response_code=400
S3: <html>
<head><title>400 Bad Request</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>400 Bad Request</h1></center>
</body>
</html>
ERROR 17: Invalid AWS response: <html>
<head><title>400 Bad Request</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>400 Bad Request</h1></center>
</body>
</html>
gdalinfo failed - unable to open '/vsis3/ausantarctic/mdstest/uploadtest.tif'.
a more basic read test