A persisted shared-WAL authority (db-tshm) can claim positive WAL frames while the paired WAL file (db-wal) is empty. open_shared_from_authority_if_exists() correctly detects that the authority is not provably reusable and rebuilds local WAL state from disk, but the later shared-WAL reconciliation can re-adopt the same stale -tshm authority and its frame index. A reader then asks the frame index for a page, gets a stale frame id, and attempts to read that frame from a zero-byte WAL.
Observed failure shape:
rebuilding WAL state from disk because persisted authority is not provably reusable reason=WalTooShortForSnapshot