Everything below is derived from X's own open-sourced ranking code (xai-org/x-algorithm), not from folklore. No growth-hacking theory, no guessing — just what the code actually rewards.
Full technical analysis with file paths and line numbers: https://gist.github.com/patricksavalle/366cf0da247c8d4594a1f7f4467502f5
The one thing to understand first: there is no global "reach score." For every single viewer, a model predicts that person's probability of liking, replying, sharing, muting, etc. Those probabilities get multiplied by fixed weights and summed. Your reach is thousands of independent per-viewer auctions. So the goal is never "get engagement" — it's "be predictably worth engaging with, to specific people."